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117 Biology Most Important Questions and Answers

117 Biology Most Important Questions and Answers

Biology Important Questions

Biology Most Important Questions and Answers Part 1 (Questions 1-30)

1) Which is the first oxygen producing organism?

Answer: Autotrophic cyanobacteria.

2) How much biosphere extends to the distance?

Answer: 22.5 Km.

3) How the populations of different species are is kept under check?

Answer: By food chain.

4) Who is the most recent and most highly evolved amongst organisms?

Answer: Human species, Homosapiens.

5) What two special characteristics are found in human beings which have made them masters?

Answer: Highly evolved brain, skilled hand.

6) What is nebula?

Answer: It is the name of cold cosmic cloud of dust and gas which is believed to condense and form star, planets and their satellites.

7) Who first put forward the nebular hypothesis of origin of solar system?

Answer: Kant.

8) What helped in forming different types of organic compounds on earth from inorganic salts, minerals and gases in beginning?

Answer: High temperature, ultra-violet rays and lightning.

9) Who first proposed that life originated from non-living substances through chemical processes?

Answer: Oparin.

10) What is the name of the theory that believes life originated from inorganic substances through chemical processes?

Answer: Physico-chemical theory/ Naturalistic theory/ Theory of Chemosynthetic origin.

11) Why were the first organisms an aerobic?

Answer: The atmosphere of the earth did not possess oxygen at that time.

12) When did prokaryotes originate on earth?

Answer: 4200 million years back.

13) When in the history of earth did eukaryotes develop?

Answer: 1600-million years back.

14) What four features constitute the basic unity of all living beings?

Answer: Cell structure, metabolism, replication and homeostasis.

15) Which is the smallest angiosperm?

Answer: Wolffia arrhiza.

16) What peculiarity is found in cicada?

Answer: It lives for seventeen years but leads an active life of only five weeks.

17) What are the three components of earth?

Answer: Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, Atmosphere.

18) What is the name of the theory which believes that life originated somewhere else and it came to earth through meteorites?

Answer: Cosmozoic or interplanetary theory.

19) What discovery formed the basis of agriculture?

Answer: Seeds are the source of replenishment of plants.

20) What is the major role of reproduction in nature?

Answer: Perpetuation of the race.

21) What is the common name of Agaricus?

Answer: Mushroom.

22) What is the name of the fruit body of polyporus?

Answer: Basidiocarp.

23) What are Fronds?

Answer: The pinnately compound leaves of fern are called fronds.

24) What is Agrostology?

Answer: The study of grasses is called Agrostology.

25) Plants that grow in water are called hydrophytes. What name is given to plants that grow in desert conditions?

Answer: Xerophytes.

26) What is cambium?

Answer: Elongated cells in between xylem a d phloem in dicot plants constitute cambium.

27) What is the name of the process of photosynthesis – constructive or destructive?

Answer: Constructive.

28) Which gas is evolved during photosynthesis?

Answer: Oxygen.

29) Write the name of various medical plants:

Answer: Rauwolfia Serpentina, Vinca Rosea, Cinchona, Foxglove, Black mulberry, Ocimum Sanctum.

30) What is the importance of Foxglove?

Answer: For Heart stimulant.

Biology Most Important Questions and Answers Part 2 (Questions 31-70)

31) What type of endoplasmic reticulum manufactures $teroids and lipids?
Answer: Smooth.

32) What part of the cell contains enzymes which destroy bacteria and wastes?
Answer: Lysosomes.

33) Which one of the following is a function of a cell?
a) Growth
b) Maintain posture
c) Secretion
d) Absorption
Answer: A.

34) A group of tissues join to form;
Answer: Organ.

35) Squamous epithelium;
a) Are cube shaped cells
b) Are tall, cylindrical shaped cells
c) Are flat, thin cells
d) Are columnar shaped cells
Answer: C.

36) How is glucose transferred through the cell membrane?
Answer: Active transport.

37) Which one of the following is a type of connective tissue?
a) Nervous
b) Muscular
c) Chromosomes
d) Lymphoid
Answer: D.

38) What is the final stage of mitosis?
Answer: Telophase.

39) Define Anabolism;
Answer: The process by which simpler molecules are built up into complex molecules.

40) What supplies the cell with its energy?
Answer: Mitochondria.

41) What is the control centre of the cell?
Answer: Nucleus.

42) Which type of compound epithelium is found lining the alveoli of the lungs?
Answer: Squamous.

43) During which phase of mitosis are chromosomes formed?
Answer: Prophase.

44) What is responsible for the formation of ribosomes?
Answer: Nucleolus.

45) Where is all genetic information needed to make a person, stored?
Answer: DNA.

46) What is the correct order of mitosis?
a) Metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase
b) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
c) Anaphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
d) Prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
Answer: B.

47) A protein found in skin, hair and nails;
Answer: Keratin.

48) Where can yellow elastic cartilage be found in the body?
Answer: Pinna and epiglottis.

49) What is the most general type of connective tissue found in the body?
Answer: Areolar.

50) Simple epithelium consists of;
Answer: A single layer of cells.

51) Which one of the following is not a way in which substances can pass in and out of cells?
a) Osmosis
b) Dissolution
c) Filtration
d) Mitosis
Answer: D.

52) Where would you find centrioles?
Answer: Within centrosomes.

53) A jelly like substance composed mainly of water;
a) Cell membrane
b) Cytoplasm
c) Mitochondria
d) Epithelium
Answer: B.

54) What is the most common type of cartilage?
Answer: Hyaline.

55) What does the golgi apparatus store?
Answer: Protein.

56) What is the function of ribosomes?
Answer: To manufacture protein.

57) What part of the cell produces energy?
Answer: Mitochondria.

58) Centrioles separate and move toward the end of the cell during what stage of mitosis?
Answer: Prophase.

59) Which connective tissue connects skin to underlying skin and muscles?
Answer: Areolar.

60) What are the empty spaces within the cytoplasm called?
Answer: Vacuoles.

61) What is the largest organelle in a cell?
Answer: Nucleus.

62) What types of cells are found in lymphoid tissue?
Answer: Lymphocytes.

63) What type of cartilage is flexible?
Answer: Yellow elastic.

64) What protects the cell’s contents?
Answer: Cell membrane.

65) A fluid connective tissue;
a) Areolar
b) Adipose
c) Bone
d) Blood
Answer: D.

66) The process by which small molecules pass through the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is known as;
Answer: Diffusion.

67) Where can non keratinised stratified epithelium be found?
Answer: Lining of the mouth.

68) How many chromosomes are in a cell before fertilisation?
Answer: 23.

69) Where can transitional epithelium be found?
Answer: Bladder.

70) Which one of the following is a function of connective tissue?
a) Movement.
b) Secretion
c) Lubrication
d) Protection
Answer: D.

Biology Most Important Questions and Answers Part 3 (Questions 71-100)

71) Which is the first oxygen producing Organism?

Answer: Autotrophic cyanobacteria.

72) How much biosphere extends to the distance?

Answer: 22.5 Km.

73) How are the populations of different species is kept under check?

Answer: By food chain.

74) Who is the most recent and most highly evolved amongst organisms?

Answer: Human species, HomoSapiens.

75) What two special characteristics are found in human beings which have made them masters?

Answer: Highly evolved brain, skilled hand.

76) What is nebula?

Answer: It is the name of cold cosmic cloud of dust and gas which is believed to condense and form star, planets and their satellites.

77) Who first put forward the nebular hypothesis of origin of solar system?

Answer: Immanuel Kant.

78) What helped in forming different types of organic compounds on earth from inorganic salts, minerals and gases in beginning?

Answer: High temperature, ultra-violet rays and lightning.

79) Who first proposed that life originated from non-living substances through chemical processes?

Answer: Alexander Oparin.

80) What is the name of the theory that believes life originated from inorganic substances through chemical processes?

Answer: Physico-chemical theory / Naturalistic theory/ Theory of Chemosynthetic origin.

81) Name the fungus which causes “Athlete’s foot” ringworm in man:

Answer: Tinea pedis.

82) What is Myrmecochory?

Answer: Dispersal of seeds by ants is called Myrmecochory.

83) What is the common name of Agaricus?

Answer: Mushroom.

84) What is the name of the fruit body of polyporus?

Answer: Basidiocarp.

85) What are Fronds?

Answer: The pinnately compound leaves of fern are called fronds.

86) What is Agrostology?

Answer: The study of grasses is called Agrostology.

87) Plants that grow in water are called hydrophytes. What name is given to plants that grow in desert conditions?

Answer: Xerophyte.

88) What is cambium?

Answer: Elongated cells in between xylem and phloem in dicot plants constitute cambium.

89) What is the name of the process of photosynthesis – constructive or destructive?

Answer: Constructive.

90) Which gas is evolved during’ photosynthesis?

Answer: Oxygen.

91) Write the name of various medical plants:

Answer: Rauwolfia serpentina, Vinca rosea, Cinchona, Foxglove, Black mulberry, Ocimum Sanctum.

92) What is the importance of Foxgloves?

Answer: For Heart stimulant.

93) What is the importance of Cinchona?

Answer: It is used for Antimalarial medication.

94) What is the importance of Serpentina?

Answer: It is Antidote for hypertension.

95) How is coir made?

Answer: Coir is made from the tough fibers extracted from green coconut husk.

96) Why is groundnut considered as an oil seed?

Answer: Because it contains plenty of fat.

97) Wheat is more nourishing than rice. Why?

Answer: Apart from carbohydrates, Wheat contains proteins and hence it is more nourishing than rice.

98) What are the qualities that the scientist developed in the new varieties of rice?

Answer: Yield more, grow fast and are resistant to diseases.

99) Which are the chief fiber yielding plants?

Answer: Cotton, flax, coconut tree, jute plant.

100) Which are the plants that have attained commercial importance?

Answer: Exotic flowers like the orchids and Anthuriums.

Biology Most Important Questions and Answers Part 4 (Questions 71-100)

101) Humans can see most kinds of light.
True or False?

Answer: Fiction.
The human eye can see visible light, only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. This spectrum also includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared and ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays, which humans cannot see.

102) The adult human body has 214 bones.
True or False?

Answer: False.
Adult humans have 206 bones.

103) The lymphatic system helps fight disease.
True or False?

Answer: True.
The lymphatic system is part of the body’s defense system. It removes bacteria from tissues and produces lymphocytes, or white blood cells, macrophages, and antibodies.

104) There are 17 bones in the auditory ossicles.
True or False?

Answer: False.
The auditory ossicles are three small bones in the ear that are connected to each other, and that enable us to hear.

105) The stomach absorbs most of the nutrients in the food we eat.
True or False?

Answer: False.
The stomach does not absorb much at all of the food, water, and electrolytes that pass through it, though it does absorb some substances, including iron, alcohol, and some drugs.

106) The femur is the longest bone in the human body.
True or False?

Answer: True.
The longest and strongest bone in the human body is the femur.

107) The human appendix is attached to the heart.
True or False?

Answer: False.
The appendix is attached to the large intestine.

108) Humans have two sets of teeth in their lives.
True or False?

Answer: True.
Humans have two sets of teeth during their lives. The first consists of 20 teeth. These are called primary teeth. Then 28 permanent teeth replace them, along with four molars commonly called wisdom teeth.

109) The wall of the human stomach is made up of four layers.
True or False?

Answer: True.
The wall of the stomach is composed of four layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.

110) A typical adult human head weighs 20 kilograms.
True or False?

Answer: False.
A typical adult human head weighs about 5 kilograms. The brain accounts for about 1-1.5 kilograms.

111) People choose to be left-handed or right-handed.
True or False?

Answer: False.
We are born with genes programmed for handedness. About 90 percent of people are right-handed. A very small number of people are ambidextrous—that is, they can use both hands equally.

112) Human skin cells divide only once.
True or False?

Answer: False.
Human skin cells divide between 50 and 70 times.

113) The human body contains about 1 million neurons.
True or False?

Answer: False.
Nerve cells, or neurons, are the basic units of the nervous system. The human body contains billions of neurons. The brain alone contains some 100 billion neurons.

114) Humans and apes share only a small number of genes.
True or False?

Answer: False.
More than 98 percent of human DNA is identical to that of chimpanzees, gorillas, and other apes. The remaining quantity contains what distinguishes us.

115) The fluid in the lympathic system is pumped by the heart.
True or False?

Answer: False.
The heart pumps blood. Lympathic fluid is pumped by a process called peristalsis, the contraction of muscles around the lymphatic vessels.

116) Human nerves cannot be reconnected if they are severed.
True or False?

Answer: False.
Some nerves, such as optic and spinal-cord nerves, are so specialized that they have very limited powers of regeneration. But other nerves can be easily reconnected and even regain feeling.

117) Sitting on “pins and needles” involves the nerves.
True or False?

Answer: True.
The sensation that we’re being pricked by pins and needles is a phenomenon called paresthesia. This is commonly caused by compressed nerves that run between the bones and the skin.

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